Corrections & Retractions

Corrections, Retractions and Post-Publication Updates

IKAD-ECCR is committed to maintaining an accurate, reliable, and transparent scholarly record.

Corrections

A correction may be issued when an otherwise reliable article contains an error or omission that affects interpretation, attribution, metadata, or a meaningful part of the publication but does not invalidate the work as a whole.

Retractions

Retraction may be considered when findings are no longer reliable because of major error, fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, unethical research, manipulated peer review, duplicate publication, serious authorship problems, or other material breaches of research integrity.

Expressions of concern

An Expression of Concern may be issued when serious questions have arisen but the available evidence is inconclusive, an investigation is incomplete, or a responsible institution has not yet provided sufficient information.

Retraction notices

Retraction notices should identify the affected article, explain the reason for retraction as clearly as legal and confidentiality constraints permit, and remain permanently linked to the publication record.

Article record

Except where removal is necessary for compelling legal, privacy, or safety reasons, retracted articles should remain identifiable in the scholarly record and be clearly marked as retracted rather than silently deleted.

Author disagreement

A correction or retraction does not require unanimous agreement of all authors where the journal has sufficient evidence that action is necessary to protect the scholarly record.

Post-publication concerns

Readers, authors, reviewers, institutions, or other parties may report material concerns to the editorial office. Reports should identify the publication and provide sufficient information for assessment.